Fig. 6.

Effects of twice-daily administration of (DAla²)GIP and (DAla²)GIP/xenin-8-Gln on beta cell proliferation and apoptosis. (a–d) Representative images showing insulin (green) and Ki67 (red, indicated by arrows) in islets from high-fat-fed saline control mice (a), (DAla²⁾GIP- (b) and (DAla²)GIP/xenin-8-Gln-treated high-fat-fed mice (c) and lean control mice (d). (e–h) Representative images showing insulin (red) and TUNEL (green, indicated by arrows) immunoreactivity in islets from high-fat-fed saline control mice (e), (DAla²⁾GIP- (f) and (DAla²)GIP/xenin-8-Gln-treated high-fat-fed mice (g) and lean control mice (h). (i, j) Quantification of beta cell proliferation (i) and apoptosis frequency (j) expressed as a percentage of beta cells analysed. Light-grey bars, saline control; dark-grey bars, (DAla²)GIP; black bars, (DAla²)GIP/xenin-8-Gln; white bars, lean control. Approximately 5000 beta cells per experimental group were counted. Values are means ± SEM of 6–8 mice. Scale bar, 50 μm. **p < 0.01 compared with high-fat-fed controls; ^††† p < 0.001 compared with lean controls; ^‡ p < 0.05 compared with (DAla²)GIP group