Table 1.
Rates of MRSA, ESBL-p Enterobacteriaceae, emerging highly drug-resistanta bacteria and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae among blood and cerebrospinal sampling, and comparison with EARS-Netb surveillance data, France 2016
| Before extrapolationc, selected sample | After extrapolationc, whole cohort | EARS-net 2016 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude datad | Modified sampled | |||||
| Rates of resistance | Number of isolates | Rates of resistance | Number of isolates | Rates of resistance | Rates of resistance | |
| Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin) | 10.8 | 10 840 | 14.3 (13.6–15.0) | 27 613 | 14.1 (11.0–17.2) | 13.8 |
| Enterococcus (vancomycin) | 0.2 | 3789 | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 8571 | 0.6 (0.0–1.4) | 0.6 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin) | 0.7 | 3083 | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 11 291 | 0.7 (0.0–1.5) | 0.1 |
| Escherichia coli (ESBL-p)e | 5.9 | 29 862 | 11.6 (11.2–12.0) | 55 333 | 11.7 (10.0─13.3) | 8.3 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-p)e | 13.6 | 4345 | 19.6 (18.4–20.8) | 9753 | 18.5 (13.1–23.9) | 20.2 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (carbapenem) | 0.3 | 4345 | 0.3 (0.1–0.5) | 9753 | 0.4 (0.0–0.8) | 0.4 |
Emerging highly drug-resistant bacteria: vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
EARS-net: European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network [11]; blood infection: primary and secondary blood infection. Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Streptococcus pneumoniae rates were estimated among blood and cerebrospinal sampling, while MRSA and VRE rates were estimated among blood sampling only, in order to be in accordance with EARS-net data.
Group M− missing resistance status was extrapolated from group M+ susceptible and resistant bacteria, according to sex, age and site of infection. Because of insufficient sample size, 452 stays could not be extrapolated.
In modified data, some stays with several codes of infection and bacteria were excluded. Some resistance codes were reclassified. In crude data, no modification in the database was made.
EARS-Net ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-p) rates were calculated from 2016 rates of third-generation cephalosporin resistance and 2017 rates of ESBL-p among C3G-resistant isolates [11, 24].
MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ESLB-p E, ESLB-producing Enterobacteriaceae.