Table 1.

Clinical features and laboratory findings in fatal adult cases with virus coinfection during the ZIKV epidemic in Colombia

Virus coinfection	CHIKV–ZIKV	DENV–CHIKV	DENV–CHIKV	CHIKV–ZIKV	CHIKV–ZIKV
Clinical features
Age (years)	47	71	54	78	28
Comorbidities	Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Obesity	Hypertension Smoker	Hypertension Smoker	Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Chronic kidney disease Chronic cardiac disease	No
Time from symptom onset to admission (days)	2	3	3	1	2
Fever	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
Arthralgia	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
Rash	No	No	No	No	No
Haemorrhagic manifestations	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
Oedema	No	No	No	No	No
Time from admission to mortality (days)	9	10	1	15	2
Complications	Neurological syndrome	Neurological syndrome	Hepatic failure Acute kidney injury Pneumonia	Neurological syndrome	Multiple organ failure
Laboratory findings at admission
Haemoglobin (g/dl)	13	NA	13.8	14.8	14.6
Haematocrit (%)	41	NA	40.5	42.7	41
Total white cells (10/l)	10 100	NA	2400	4800	9500
Platelets (10/l)	320 000	NA	8000	103 000	306 000
Creatinine (mg/dl)	0.66	NA	1.91	0.89	0.6
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/l)	NA	NA	987	28.9	550
Alanine aminotransferase (U/l)	NA	NA	1478	23.1	150
Histopathologic findings	Tubule-interstitial nephritis, changes related to SIRS	Acute motor axonal polyneuropathy, CNS without alterations, coagulative non-confluent zonal liver necrosis pneumonia, tubule-interstitial nephritis	Coagulative non-confluent zonal liver necrosis, acute tubular necrosis, spleen with reactive plasmacytosis, pulmonary haemorrhage, changes related to SIRS	Acute demyelinating polyneuropathy, pneumonia, changes related to SIRS in liver and spleen	NA

NA, not available; CHIKV, chikungunya virus; ZIKV, zika virus; DENV, dengue virus; CNS, central nervous system; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Normal ranges: Haemoglobin: 12–17 g/dl; haematocrit: 40–50%; platelets: 150–600 × 10⁹/l; total white cells: 4–12 × 10⁹/l; creatinine: 0.75–1.2 mg/dl; aspartate aminotransferase 10–34 U/l; alanine aminotransferase: 5–59 U/l.