Fig. 2.

Results of antimicrobial curve tests and inhibition zone tests of ZnONPs at different concentrations. a Effect of ZnONPs on the growth curves of P. gingivalis (a) and A. naeslundii (b). b Images of the inhibition zone of P. gingivalis (a) and A. naeslundii (b) with different materials. (A~D) ZnONPs, root filling agent, AH-Plus and control groups, respectively. c Diameters of the inhibition zone of different materials against P. gingivalis (a) and A. naeslundii (b). The data are shown as the mean ± SD of the diameters of the inhibition zone. *Indicates P < 0.05, **indicates P < 0.01, ***indicates P < 0.001 by ANOVA