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. 2019 May 14;12:17. doi: 10.1186/s13039-019-0429-1

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 2 — Mitotic and chromosome replicative defects that can lead to CIN. Common defects in mitosis leading to CIN include cohesion defects, spindle assembly checkpoint dysfunction, supernumerary centrosomes and cytokinesis failure. Problems upstream of mitosis, during DNA replication and repair can include telomere dysfunction, leading to breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycles, and replication stress