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. 2019 Jan 22;52(3-4):161–172. doi: 10.1159/000494291

Table 2.

Quality and bias assessment of included studies using MORE checklist

  OK n (%) Minor flaws n (%) Major flaws n (%) Poor reporting n (%) Total
n
General descriptive elements          
 Aim of study          
 Incidence 5 (83.3) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (16.7) 6
 Prevalence 9 (90) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (10) 10
 Study design 7 (63.6) 0 (0) 0 (0) 4 (36.4) 11
 Funding of study 7 (63.6) 0 (0) 0 (0) 4 (36.4) 11
 Conflict of interest 4 (36.4) 2 (18.2) 0 (0) 5 (45.5) 11
 Ethical approval 5 (45.5) 2 (18.2) 0 (0) 4 (36.4) 11
External validity          
 Sampling 3 (27.3) 8 (72.7) 0 (0) 0 (0) 11
 Assessment of sampling bias 0 (0) 1 (9.1) 1 (9.1) 9 (81.8) 11
 Estimate bias          
 Response rate 2 (50) 1 (25) 0 (0) 1 (25) 4
 Exclusion rate 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (9.1) 10 (90.9) 11
 Addressment of sampling bias 4 (36.4) 0 (0) 0 (0) 7 (63.6) 11
Internal Validity          
 Source of data 4 (36.4) 7 (63.6) 0 (0) 0 (0) 11
 Validation 11 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 11
 Incidence          
 Type of incidence 6 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6
 Type of estimation 3 (50) 3 (50) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6
 Reference period 6 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6
 Precision of estimate 4 (66.7) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (33.3) 6
Prevalence          
 Type of prevalence 1 (10) 9 (90) 0 (0) 0 (0) 10
 Type of estimation 3 (30) 7 (70) 0 (0) 0 (0) 10
 Precision of estimate 5 (50) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (50) 10

MORE checklist, methodological evaluation of observational research.