. 2019 Jan 22;52(3-4):161–172. doi: 10.1159/000494291

Table 4.

Prevalence rates

Studyauthor, year and reference number	Number of cases	Number of male	Number of female	Gender ratio cases, male/ female	Total prevalence per 100,000 population (95% CI)^*	Male prevalence per 100,000 population (95% CI)^*	Female prevalence per 100,000 population (95% CI)^*	Gender ratio prevalence, male/female
Lefter et al. [36], 2017	202	NR	NR	NR	5.87 (5.06–6.68)^#	NR	NR	NR

Mahdi-Rogers and Hughes [9], 2014	101	66	35	1.9^†	2.84 (2.31–3.45) 2.92 (2.39–3.56)^**	3.84 (2.97–4.89)	1.90 (1.32–2.65)	2.0^†

Rajabally et al. [18], 2009 EFNS/PNS 2006 criteria AAN criteria	46 19	34 14	12 5	2.8^† 2.8^†	4.77 (3.49–6.37) 1.97 (1.19–3.08)	6.73 (4.60–9.50) 2.94 (1.61–4.94)	2.87 (1.57–4.81) 1.02 (0.33–2.39)	2.3^† 2.9^†

Laughlin et al. [33], 2009	11	NR	NR	NR	10.3 (4.2–16.4)^***	NR	NR	NR

Iijima et al. [34], 2008	2,433	1,495	938	1.6^†	1.61	2.01	1.23	1.6^†

Ohio et al. [11], 2007	155	105	50	2.1^†	3.58 (3.02–4.20) 3.41 (2.92–3.98)^**	5.02 (4.13–6.10)	2.23 (1.65–2.94)	2.3^†

Mygland and Monstad [10], 2001	12	NR	NR	NR	7.7 (3.2–12.2)	NR	NR	NR

McLeod et al. [13], 1999	112	64	48	1.3^†	1.9 (1.5–2.2)	2.2 (1.7–2.8)	1.6 (1.2–2.1)	1.4^†

Lunn et al. [12], 1999	94	NR	NR	NR	0.67	NR	NR	NR

Kusumi et al. [35], 1995	5	4	1	4.0⁺	0.81	1.36	0.31	4.4⁺

^†

Calculated;

crude rate; if not specified otherwise;

^**

standardized rate;

^***

age- and sex-adjusted rate;

prevalence rates is expressed as case/100,000 adults. NR, not reported; AAN criteria, American Academy of Neurology criteria [6]; EFNS/PNS 2006 criteria [49].