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. 2016 Dec 8;60(3):432–441. doi: 10.1007/s00125-016-4165-3

Table 2.

Baseline characteristics: individuals with NGM, prediabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Variable NGM
n = 294
Prediabetes
n = 122
T2DM
n = 60
Age (years) 59.7 (53.0, 64.2) 60.8 (55.3, 64.9) 60.1 (56.3, 64.1)
Women, n (%) 120 (40.8) 47 (38.5) 17 (27.9)
BMI (kg/m2) 27.3 (25.0, 29.5) 28.0 (26.5, 31.2) 30.6 (26.6, 32.8)
Current smoker, n (%) 60 (20.4) 22 (18.0) 9 (14.8)
Physical activity (103 × METs/week) 6.54 (3.94, 8.94) 5.10 (2.79, 8.46) 5.64 (3.73, 7.78)
Systolic BP (mmHg) 133 (122, 146) 141 (132, 155) 145 (136, 158)
Diastolic BP (mmHg) 80.0 (73.5, 85.0) 82.8 (78.0, 91.5) 85.0 (79.5, 92.8)
Antihypertensive medication, n (%) 82 (27.9) 52 (42.6) 29 (47.5)
CVD, n (%) 68 (23.1) 34 (28.1) 24 (39.3)
CVE, n (%) 40 (13.6) 20 (16.5) 11 (18.0)
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) 5.20 (4.60, 5.80) 5.20 (4.60, 5.83) 5.50 (4.90, 6.00)
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) 1.23 (1.01, 1.44) 1.09 (0.93, 1.37) 0.97 (0.86, 1.20)
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) 3.30 (2.80, 3.90) 3.35 (2.80, 4.30) 3.50 (2.90, 3.98)
HDL:LDL ratio 0.37 (0.28, 0.48) 0.32 (0.26, 0.45) 0.30 (0.24, 0.37)
Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) 1.20 (0.90, 1.60) 1.60 (1.10, 2.10) 1.90 (1.30, 2.65)
NEFA (mmol/l) 0.49 (0.38, 0.57) 0.53 (0.43, 0.64) 0.55 (0.45, 0.70)
Lipid-lowering medication, n (%) 44 (15.0) 24 (19.7) 9 (14.8)
HbA1c (%) 5.70 (5.40, 5.90) 5.80 (5.60, 6.10) 6.40 (5.90, 6.90)
HbA1c (mmol/mol) 38.0 (35.0, 40.0) 39.0 (37.0, 43.0) 46.0 (40.0, 51.0)
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) 5.27 (5.00, 5.53) 6.00 (5.54, 6.30) 7.14 (6.81, 7.95)
Fasting insulin (pmol/l) 61.2 (45.2, 87.4) 78.8 (51.4, 133) 110 (66.1, 159)
2 h glucose (mmol/l) 5.65 (4.65, 6.54) 8.79 (7.82, 9.90) 12.3 (11.1, 14.7)
2 h insulin (pmol/l) 352 (211, 589) 664 (424, 1176) 744 (489, 1017)
Matsuda index of insulin sensitivity 3.57 (2.45, 4.95) 2.46 (1.39, 3.63) 1.45 (1.09, 2.66)

Values are expressed as median (IQR) or n (%)

CVD, self-reported cardiovascular disease; CVE, self-reported cardiovascular event; MET, metabolic equivalent