Table 1.
Baseline sociodemographic characteristics among the study respondents with regard to awareness that smoking is injurious to dental health
| Sociodemographic variable | n (%) | P* |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Male | 143 (43.3) | 0.133 |
| Female | 187 (56.7) | |
| Age (years old) | ||
| <20 | 26 (7.9) | 0.868† |
| 20-50 | 255 (77.3) | |
| 51-70 | 49 (14.8) | |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Malay | 290 (87.9) | 0.095 |
| Chinese | 28 (8.5) | |
| Indian | 3 (0.9) | |
| Others | 9 (2.7) | |
| Education level | ||
| Secondary school | 118 (35.8) | 0.794 |
| College | 65 (19.7) | |
| University | 101 (30.6) | |
| Others | 46 (13.9) | |
| Smoking status | ||
| Actively smoking | 75 (22.7) | 0.759 |
| Nonsmoker | 252 (76.4) | |
| Ex-smoker | 3 (0.9) | |
| Smoking duration (years) | ||
| <1 | 6 (1.8) | 0.643 |
| 1-5 | 21 (6.4) | |
| >5 | 15 (4.5) | |
| >10 | 33 (10) | |
| Last dental visit | ||
| 0-6 months | 125 (37.8) | 0.276 |
| 7-12 months | 55 (16.7) | |
| >12 months | 128 (38.8) | |
| Never | 22 (6.7) |
*Pearson Chi-square test of independence.
†Independent t-test. P<0.05 is considered significant. n – Frequency; P – Probability value