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. 2019 May 8;13:467. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00467

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Copyright © 2019 Meeker, Keaser, Khan, Gullapalli, Seminowicz and Greenspan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Average change in pain intensity (delta scores) from 15 to 65 min grouped by intervention type and collapsed across probe force (128, 256, and 512 mN) (^∗ anodal > sham p = 0.02). (B) The change in area of pinprick hyperalgesia (delta score) from 15 to 65 min grouped by intervention type (+ anodal > cathodal p = 0.075). (C) Time course of pain ratings during capsaicin mediated heat allodynia. Anodal (dark gray), cathodal (medium gray), or sham tDCS (light gray) began 12 min after capsaicin application, and the thermode temperature ramped up to the individualized target temperature at 15 min after capsaicin application. Light gray box demarcates post-treatment time course where pain intensity ratings were significantly higher during anodal compared to sham stimulation. ‡ = anodal > sham stimulation p = 0.0009. Error bars are SEM.