Figure 1.

Study design schematic. In menstruating women, the intervention commenced 2 weeks after the baseline assessments so that the intervention follow‐up visit was conducted in the follicular phase of the cycle (3‐10 days after onset of menses). There were some cases in which the first breakfast feeding trial occurred after the baseline assessment but before the intervention beginning, so it was also in the follicular phase. The 48‐hour food diary completed before the first feeding trial and repeated before the follow‐up feeding trial conformed to the assigned intervention of the participants. The top half of the figure shows the protocol during the feeding trials. B, breakfast; L, ad libitum lunch; RMR, resting metabolic rate.