Table 1.
Frequency of T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) producing antigen‐specific cytokines during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in non‐human primates (n = 28)
| PBMC | Weeks post‐Mtb infection | CD4 | CD4CD8 | CD8 | P value (CD4 vs CD4CD8) | P value (CD8 vs CD4CD8) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median [IQR 25%, 75%] | Median [25%, 75%] | Median [25%, 75%] | ||||
| T cell % | 0 | 52.9 [40.0‐58.4] | 2.2 [0.77‐4.4] | 35.6 [30.1‐41.6] | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| 4 wk | 46.7 [36.6‐54.9] | 4.4 [3.1‐7.5] | 40.0 [31.9‐47.0] | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| 12 wk | 45.4 [36.5‐54.3] | 3.8 [0.80‐5.9] | 43.3 [34.3‐51.5] | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Dx | 52.5 [40.0‐58.8] | 3.9 [1.2‐8.1] | 38.3 [31.1‐45.8] | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| CD107a % | 0 | 0.05 [0‐0.2] | 0.081 [0‐0.50] | 0.1 [0.02‐0.42] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.015 [0‐0.56] | 0.1 [0‐0.43] | 0.25 [0.07‐0.42] | 0.0570 | ||
| 12 wk | 0.028 [0‐0.10] | 0.10 [0‐0.20] | 0.11 [0.01‐0.44] | |||
| Dx | 0 [0‐0.12] | 0.19 [0‐1.3] | 0 [0‐0.2] | 0.0722 | ||
| Granulysin % | 0 | 0.08 [0‐0.45] | 0.4 [0‐1.5] | 0.4 [0.04‐1.6] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.2 [0‐0.56] | 0.7 [0‐1.9] | 0.9 [0.3‐1.3] | |||
| 12 wk | 0.1 [0‐0.42] | 0.3 [0‐0.56] | 0.4 [0‐1.0] | |||
| Dx | 0.067 [0‐1.1] | 0 [0‐1.4] | 0.065 [0‐3.2] | |||
| Granzyme B % | 0 | 0.14 [0‐1.4] | 0.49 [0‐4.6] | 0.24 [0‐3.5] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.8 [0.1‐2.9] | 5.2 [0.9‐13.9] | 2.1 [0.2‐15.2] | 0.0207 | ||
| 12 wk | 3.0 [0.03‐5.2] | 3.4 [0‐12.7] | 1.4 [0‐18.1] | |||
| Dx | 0 [0‐4.0] | 0 [0‐4.5] | 0.3 [0‐4.01] | |||
| Perforin % | 0 | 0 [0‐0.05] | 0.19 [0‐0.97] | 0.3 [0.01‐1.4] | 0.0288 | |
| 4 wk | 0.06 [0.02‐0.45] | 1.04 [0.5‐2.1] | 0.69 [0.3‐2.4] | 0.0434 | ||
| 12 wk | 0.02 [0‐0.09] | 0.1 [0‐0.42] | 0.23 [0.1‐0.51] | |||
| Dx | 0 [0‐0.2] | 0 [0‐0.47] | 0.023 [0‐0.83] | |||
| IL10% | 0 | 0.01 [0‐0.2] | 0.40 [0‐1.3] | 0.01 [0‐0.1] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.7 [0‐3.5] | 0 [0‐0.9] | 0 [0‐0.5] | |||
| 12 wk | 0.012 [0‐3.5] | 0 [0‐0.8] | 0.11 [0‐0.3] | |||
| Dx | 0.52 [0‐1.3] | 0.29 [0.01‐1.6] | 0.53 [0‐4.4] | |||
| IFN‐γ % | 0 | 0.03 [0‐0.13] | 0 [0‐0.72] | 0.03 [0‐0.14] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.15 [0.02‐0.34] | 0.25 [0‐0.75] | 0.05 [0‐0.16] | 0.0401 | ||
| 12 wk | 0.10 [0.03‐0.30] | 0.07 [0‐0.40] | 0.06 [0.01‐0.14] | |||
| Dx | 0.02 [0‐1.3] | 0.07 [0‐5.0] | 0 [0‐1.4] | |||
| IL2% | 0 | 0.093 [0‐0.15] | 0.27 [0‐0.53] | 0.11 [0.02‐0.20] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.13 [0.04‐0.32] | 0.002 [0‐1.5] | 0.11 [0.02‐0.36] | |||
| 12 wk | 0.09 [0.04‐0.34] | 0.42 [0‐0.76] | 0.083 [0‐0.27] | |||
| Dx | 1.2 [0.2‐2.9] | 0 [0‐0.01] | 0.1 [0‐3.7] | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | |
| TNF % | 0 | 0.045 [0‐0.12] | 0.015 [0‐0.18] | 0.037 [0‐0.08] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.36 [0.06‐0.47] | 0.49 [0.11‐1.04] | 0.12 [0‐0.33] | 0.0196 | ||
| 12 wk | 0.20 [0.01‐0.40] | 0.33 [0‐1.1] | 0.16 [0.02‐0.3] | |||
| Dx | 0.47 [0.02‐1.2] | 0.41 [0‐1.7] | 0 [0‐0.84] | 0.0998 | ||
| IL17% | 0 | 0 [0‐0.08] | 0 [0‐0] | 0 [0‐0.17] | ||
| 4 wk | 0.10 [0‐0.76] | 0.13 [0‐1.6] | 0.015 [0‐0.24] | |||
| 12 wk | 0.014 [0‐0.22] | 0.03 [0‐0.58] | 0.0043 [0‐0.2] | |||
| Dx | 0.76 [0.15‐2.8] | 1 [0‐3.5] | 0.018 [0‐1.9] |
CD4, CD4CD8, and CD8 T cells within the T cell gate (CD3+) are shown in the top row. Percentages of cells expressing each cytolytic marker or cytokine are represented for CD4, CD4CD8, or CD8 T cells. ESAT6/CFP10 stimulated cells were subtracted from media incubated cells. Analysis performed across each cell type within each time point using the (unadjusted P‐values shown in last column).
Dx, time that clinical outcome is declared (active disease or latent infection); Wk, weeks post‐infection.
Significance is P ≤ 0.05.