Tabel 1.

Summary of characteristics of studies

		Studies
		Pressler	Sire	Sibilitz	Newell	Jairath	Landry
Study characteristics	Publication year	2016	1987	2016	1980	1995	1984
	Study location	Germany	Norway	Denmark	UK	Canada	Canada
	Single/multicentre	Multicentre	Single centre	Single centre	Single centre	Multicentre	Single centre
	Sample size	30	44	147	24	49	20
Population characteristics	Males (%)	15 (50)	36 (82)	112 (76)	17 (71)	34 (69)	20 (100)
	Females (%)	15 (50)	8 (18)	35 (24)	7 (29)	15 (31)	0 (0)
	Age range (mean/median±SD)	81±6	45.5±12.2	62.0±11.5	39.7±5.6	55.35±10.71	53±4
	Diagnosis	Aortic regurgitation: intervention group (53%), control group (73%).	Aortic stenosis (27.3%), aortic insufficiency (31.8%), combined aortic stenosis and insufficiency (40.9%).	Atrial fibrillation: intervention (21%) and control (85%).	Aortic stenosis (25%), aortic regurgitation (8.3%), mitral stenosis (8.3%) and mitral regurgitation (8.3%).	Aortic stenosis (36.2%) and aortic regurgitation (53.2%).	Aortic stenosis (40%), aortic regurgitation (25%) and combined lesion (35%).
Interventional characteristics	Intervention type	Cycle ergometer.	Bicycle ergometer +aerobic +callisthenics.	Aerobic +exercise bicycle.	Aerobic +callisthenics.	Aerobic.	Bicycle ergometer.
	Intervention duration (weeks)	8	4	12	24	12	8
	Intervention frequency	Twice to thrice weekly	Daily	Thrice weekly	Daily	Weekly	Thrice weekly
	Maximum follow-up (weeks)	8	48	24	24	25	8
Setting		Centre	Centre +home	Centre +home	Centre +home	Centre +home	Centre
Study type		RCT	RCT	RCT	Non-RCT	Non-RCT	Non-RCT

Table showing a summary of the study characteristics of the included studies.

Non-RCT, non-randomised controlled trial; RCT, randomised controlled trial; SD, Standard Deviation.