Table 2.
Adherence, stress, health and quality of life scores in individuals with atrial fibrillation, by income
| Characteristic | All participants | <$20 000 | $20 000–$49 000 | $50 000–$99 999 | >$100 000 | P value (adjusted)* | P value (adjusted)† | P value (adjusted)‡ |
| n=295 | n=35 | n=99 | n=97 | n=64 | ||||
| AFEQT | ||||||||
| Symptom score | 85.4±17.1 | 80.7±22.6 | 86.0±16.5 | 86.4±14.9 | 85.5±17.9 | 0.63 | 0.57 | 0.56 |
| DA score | 69.4±25.1 | 57.3±26.3 | 65.3±23.6 | 71.1±24.4 | 79.8±23.9 | <0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Treatment score | 78.5±20.4 | 71.0±26.0 | 77.5±20.7 | 80.5±18.5 | 81.2±18.7 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.1 |
| Satisfaction score | 79.5±22.7 | 78.1±25.3 | 76.5±21.9 | 79.0±23.9 | 85.8±19.9 | 0.07 | 0.31 | 0.31 |
| Total score | 76.3±17.8 | 68.2±21.4 | 74.2±17.0 | 77.7±16.5 | 81.9±17.0 | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
| SF-12 | n = 185 | n = 22 | n = 61 | n = 64 | n = 38 | |||
| Physical functioning | 59.7±36.6 | 44.3±36.9 | 52.5±39.5 | 62.9±34.2 | 75.0±29.6 | <0.01 | 0.07 | 0.08 |
| Role limitation physical | 56.7±27.1 | 39.2±24.2 | 52.7±24.5 | 61.7±28.2 | 64.8±26.0 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.01 |
| Pain | 68.1±33.4 | 46.6±33.9 | 67.2±31.8 | 71.1±34.0 | 77.0±30.4 | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| General health | 54.5±27.5 | 35.0±28.9 | 51.8±27.4 | 59.5±23.8 | 61.8±28.0 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Vitality | 45.8±25.1 | 35.2±26.3 | 41.0±24.6 | 48.4±23.5 | 55.3±24.8 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.01 |
| Social functioning | 76.4±27.7 | 56.8±31.0 | 73.0±28.2 | 83.2±24.4 | 81.6±24.4 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.01 |
| Role limitation emotional | 77.0±23.9 | 56.3±29.3 | 74.2±23.0 | 81.4±22.3 | 85.9±16.2 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Mental health | 72.8±19.3 | 59.7±21.5 | 71.7±19.4 | 74.4±18.3 | 79.3±16.3 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Physical health composite | 40.6±11.6 | 34.3±10.7 | 38.9±12.1 | 42.0±11.2 | 44.4±10.2 | <0.01 | 0.04 | 0.07 |
*P value adjusted for covariates age and sex.
†P value adjusted for covariates including: age, sex, race, BMI, CHF, HTN, stroke, vascular disease, education, S-TOFHLA.
‡P value adjusted for covariates including: age, sex, race, BMI, CHF, HTN, stroke, vascular disease, education, S-TOFHLA, cardioversion and use of anti-arrhythmic drugs.
§Continuous variables summarised as mean±SD; significance test performed using ANOVA.
AFEQT, atrial fibrillation effect on quality-of-life; SF-12, 12-item Short Form Survey; S-TOHFLA, short-test of functional health literacy in adults.