Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Electron cloud represented by fixed-charge model and polarization models. Both the induced point dipole and the Drude oscillator can represent the deformation of electron cloud. The fluctuating charge model can represent the re-distribution of charges within a molecule, while to represent the electron deformation of monoatomic ions and out-of-plane polarization, a dipole induction model is needed.
