TABLE 1.
Relative abundances of enzymes putatively targeting fungal and plant cell wall polysaccharides in the gut metagenomes of nine termites with different diets
| EC no. | Enzyme | Substrate | Relative abundancea
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fungus |
Soil | Dung | Humus |
Litter | Wood |
||||||
| Mn | Od | Cu | Aw | Nt | Th | Co | Mp | Nc | |||
| 3.2.1.14 | Chitinase | Chitin | 209.59 | 33.14 | 3.38 | 16.89 | 5.97 | 8.74 | 14.70 | 39.06 | 43.58 |
| 3.2.1.52 | β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase | Chitin | 317.18 | 208.60 | 23.51 | 172.84 | 84.44 | 67.93 | 127.47 | 362.88 | 357.39 |
| 3.5.1.41 | Chitin deacetylase | Chitin | 1.79 | 5.46 | 2.09 | 16.89 | 8.71 | 3.38 | 11.30 | 24.00 | 4.98 |
| 3.2.1.132 | Chitosanase | Chitin | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.165 | Exo-β-glucosaminidase | Chitin | 34.37 | 18.35 | 0.43 | 0.00 | 4.56 | 1.68 | 0.00 | 1.35 | 0.28 |
| 3.2.1.39 | Endo-1,3-β-glucanase | β-Glucan | 45.73 | 36.28 | 1.75 | 0.00 | 0.68 | 2.35 | 4.05 | 26.47 | 13.15 |
| 3.2.1.58 | Exo-1,3-β-glucanase | β-Glucan | 21.12 | 18.12 | 3.36 | 0.00 | 3.92 | 2.68 | 2.67 | 20.37 | 2.86 |
| 3.2.1.75 | Endo-1,6-β-glucosidase | β-Glucan | 48.53 | 16.34 | 0.61 | 6.14 | 3.96 | 3.17 | 0.00 | 1.34 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.21 | Exo-β-glucosidase | β-Glucan | 415.89 | 251.02 | 4.78 | 75.52 | 38.20 | 47.17 | 95.79 | 249.86 | 207.43 |
| 3.2.1.59 | Endo-1,3-α-glucosidase | α-Glucan | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.84 | Exo-1,3-α-glucanase | α-Glucan | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.20 | Endo-1,4-α-glucanase | α-Glucan | 6.59 | 21.58 | 2.27 | 0.00 | 2.40 | 1.67 | 0.35 | 0.57 | 27.73 |
| 3.2.1.3 | Exo-1,4-α-glucanase | α-Glucan | 19.64 | 16.52 | 1.25 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.02 | 0.31 |
| 3.2.1.4 | Endo-1,4-β-glucanase | Cellulose | 135.62 | 218.16 | 16.71 | 27.63 | 40.83 | 41.57 | 243.08 | 685.00 | 793.69 |
| 3.2.1.176 | Cellobiohydrolase (reducing end) | Cellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.91 | Cellobiohydrolase (nonreducing end) | Cellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.42 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.99.18 | Cellobiose dehydrogenase | Cellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 1.1.99.29 | Pyranose dehydrogenase | Cellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| LPMO | Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase | Cellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.11 |
| 3.2.1.8 | Endo-1,4-β-xylanase | Hemicellulose | 127.75 | 204.86 | 11.58 | 247.14 | 57.88 | 44.17 | 426.90 | 591.74 | 780.19 |
| 3.2.1.37 | Exo-β-1,4-xylosidase | Hemicellulose | 314.18 | 308.09 | 5.81 | 142.76 | 23.47 | 58.63 | 146.37 | 290.59 | 199.88 |
| 3.2.1.131 | Xylan α-1,2-glucuronosidase | Hemicellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.177 | α-Xylosidase | Hemicellulose | 167.41 | 158.69 | 4.18 | 19.96 | 8.43 | 40.55 | 30.39 | 75.39 | 59.00 |
| 3.2.1.151 | Xyloglucan endo-β-1,4-glucanase | Hemicellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.1.1.72 | Acetyl xylan esterase | Hemicellulose | 69.49 | 114.59 | 4.62 | 0.00 | 9.04 | 3.26 | 10.34 | 35.56 | 88.05 |
| 3.1.1.6 | Acetylesterase | Hemicellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.1.1.73 | Feruloyl esterase | Hemicellulose | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.62 |
| 3.2.1.55 | α-Arabinofuranosidase | Hemicellulose | 184.50 | 211.25 | 9.03 | 27.02 | 28.15 | 48.96 | 57.67 | 175.31 | 138.77 |
| 3.2.1.99 | Arabinan endo-α-1,5-arabinanase | Hemicellulose | 31.75 | 20.05 | 0.77 | 0.00 | 6.81 | 2.73 | 1.78 | 0.60 | 0.15 |
| 1.10.3.2 | Laccase | Lignin | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 5.63 |
| 3.1.1.- | 4-O-Methyl-glucuronoyl methylesterase | Lignin | 58.92 | 104.66 | 11.20 | 27.63 | 39.18 | 35.32 | 24.60 | 34.79 | 131.45 |
| 1.11.1.16 | Versatile peroxidase | Lignin | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 4.2.2.2 | Pectate lyase | Pectin | 36.00 | 53.84 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.97 | 3.70 | 11.00 | 24.54 | 7.81 |
| 4.2.2.10 | Pectin lyase | Pectin | 0.72 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.1.1.- | Pectin acetyl esterase/rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase |
Pectin | 106.96 | 80.44 | 6.96 | 39.91 | 12.42 | 9.49 | 2.25 | 11.76 | 25.42 |
| 3.1.1.11 | Pectin methyl esterase | Pectin | 72.57 | 56.74 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 1.12 | 5.31 | 0.94 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.15 | Endopolygalacturonases | Pectin | 92.05 | 61.05 | 0.30 | 38.68 | 8.83 | 6.42 | 11.63 | 20.46 | 20.44 |
| 3.2.1.67 | Exopolygalacturonases | Pectin | 0.00 | 0.92 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.22 | 0.64 | 0.00 | 0.71 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.174 | Rhamnogalacturonan rhamnohydrolase | Pectin | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.40 | α-Rhamnosidase | Pectin | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.- | Endo-1,2-α-mannanase | Mannan | 91.35 | 92.10 | 8.77 | 0.00 | 29.61 | 24.99 | 15.19 | 34.57 | 34.26 |
| 3.2.1.24 | Exo-α-mannosidase | Mannan | 20.32 | 24.65 | 1.32 | 0.00 | 11.59 | 13.28 | 14.53 | 26.42 | 10.72 |
| 3.2.1.101 | Endo-1,6-α-mannanase | Mannan | 9.73 | 7.04 | 0.46 | 0.00 | 1.58 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 3.2.1.- | Exo-1,6-α-mannosidase | Mannan | 39.84 | 34.46 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.07 | 2.10 | 0.14 | 1.14 | 1.95 |
| 3.2.1.78 | Endo-1,4-β-mannanase | Mannan | 48.81 | 48.74 | 11.00 | 43.29 | 17.61 | 15.77 | 44.69 | 117.11 | 109.08 |
| 3.2.1.25 | β-Mannosidase | Mannan | 31.94 | 21.11 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 12.34 | 24.07 | 12.09 | 45.02 | 36.08 |
| 3.2.1.22 | Exo-α-galactosidase | Galactan | 116.54 | 112.55 | 14.60 | 59.87 | 57.90 | 76.76 | 77.72 | 162.74 | 152.89 |
| 3.2.1.23 | β-Galactosidase | Galactan | 533.54 | 390.10 | 13.60 | 18.73 | 64.91 | 71.15 | 92.29 | 175.80 | 181.17 |
| 3.2.1.49 | α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase | Galactan | 138.91 | 85.11 | 22.08 | 7.37 | 106.47 | 67.98 | 10.30 | 10.49 | 2.58 |
a
Relative abundances are scaled by multiplication with 106 to improve visualization. Mn, Macrotermes natalensis; Od, Odontotermes sp.; Nc, Nasutitermes corniger; Aw, Amitermes wheeleri; Mp, Microcerotermes parvus; Co, Cornitermes sp.; Th, Termes hospes; Nt, Neocapritermes taracua; Cu, Cubitermes ugandensis.