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. 2019 May 9;6(2):ENEURO.0031-19.2019. doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0031-19.2019

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

GLP-1 (9-36) treatment improves dendritic spine morphology of hippocampus in Ts65Dn mice. A, Representative images from Golgi-Cox stain of area CA1 dendritic spines (100×, scale bar, 12.5 μm). B, Total area CA1 dendritic spine density (counts per 100 μm) was unaltered among all experimental groups. C, Diagram depicting dendritic spine classification based on previous publication (100×, scale bar, 12.5 μm). D, Mature spine density (counts per 100 μm) was decreased in Ts65Dn mice compared with WT group, and was improved with treatment of GLP-1 (9-36). Stubby, mushroom, and branched spine types were classified as mature. E, Immature spine density (counts per 100 μm) was increased in Ts65Dn mice compared with WT group, and was restored with GLP-1 (9-36) treatment. Filopodial and thin type spies were classified as immature. F, Mature–immature spine ratio was reduced in Ts65Dn mice compared with WT group, and was restored with GLP-1 (9-36) treatment. G, Subclassification of mature spines. H, Subclassification of immature spines (WT+ Saline: n = 81 dendrites; Ts65Dn + Saline; n = 80 dendrites; WT+ GLP-1 (9-36): n = 51 dendrites: Ts65Dn + GLP-1 (9-36): n = 81 dendrites). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc test. Values represent mean ± SEM.