Table 2.
Associations between dietary cholesterol intake and risk for developing abnormal total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels a.
| Serum Cholesterol Abnormalities | Tertiles of Total Dietary Cholesterol Intake (mg/day) |
p Value for Trend b |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 <155.03 |
T2 155.03 to 277.51 |
T3 >277.51 |
||
| TC ≥200 mg/dL, n (%) | 1646 (43.7) | 1478 (39.2) | 1596 (42.3) | |
| Crude OR (95% CI) | 1 | 0.863 (0.779–0.957) | 0.988 (0.888–1.100) | 0.796 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) c | 1 | 0.990 (0.897–1.116) | 1.153 (0.995–1.337) | 0.028 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) c,d | 1 | 0.963 (0.854–1.086) | 1.104 (0.952–1.282) | 0.096 |
| LDL-C ≥130 mg/dL, n (%) | 1349 (35.8) | 1173 (31.1) | 1230 (32.6) | |
| Crude OR (95% CI) | 1 | 0.846 (0.757–0.944) | 0.901 (0.808–1.004) | 0.139 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) c | 1 | 1.037 (0.912–1.179) | 1.186 (1.019–1.382) | 0.018 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) c,d | 1 | 0.991 (0.871–1.128) | 1.110 (0.951–1.296) | 0.120 |
a Data were presented as odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. b Estimated p value for a linear trend was based on linear scores derived from the medians of the tertiles of dietary cholesterol intake among all participants. c Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, physical activity, education level, drinking, carbohydrate, and protein. d Additionally adjusted for SFA.