Figure 4.

Effect of ectopic expression of toxin CbtA and co-expression of antitoxin CbeA on cell morphology. Overnight cultures of E. amylovora strain CTBT3-1 transformed with (A) pEVS-cv or pEVS-cbtA (Ea), (B) E. coli strain BL21 transformed with pDEST-cv or pDEST-cbtA (Ec) and (C) E. amylovora strain CTBT3-1 transformed with pEVS-cv or pEVS-cbeA-cbtA (Ea) were diluted and grown under IPTG induction. Induction was performed at OD₆₀₀ ~0.3. Cells were harvested 5 h post induction, heat fixed and stained with crystal violet. Images were captured using a Zeiss Axio Microscope. Bar represents 10 µm.