Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants.
| All Study Participants (n = 200) | Vitamin D (n = 100) | Placebo (n = 100) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | p-Value | |
| Age (years) | 45 | 31–54 | 40 | 30–53 | 47 | 32–55 | 0.230 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 | 24.1–29.5 | 26.3 | 24.0–29.3 | 26.8 | 24.1–29.8 | 0.548 |
| Total testosterone (nmol/L) | 15.8 | 12.3–18.9 | 15.8 | 12.3–19.4 | 15.8 | 12.3–18.3 | 0.443 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D (nmol/L) | 52.5 | 42.0–67.5 | 53 | 43–68 | 52 | 42–64 | 0.847 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 45.8 | 35.8–55.6 | 46.6 | 36.2–57.0 | 43.4 | 35.8–54.3 | 0.317 |
| Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.38 | 2.33–2.43 | 2.37 | 2.33–2.43 | 2.39 | 2.34–2.43 | 0.313 |
| Serum phosphate (mmol/L) | 0.90 | 0.78–1.04 | 0.92 | 0.78–1.06 | 0.88 | 0.78–1.01 | 0.910 |
| Urine calcium (mmol/L) | 2.65 | 1.39–3.84 | 2.57 | 1.37–3.86 | 2.75 | 1.40–3.84 | 0.890 |
| Osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 21.1 | 17.0–27.1 | 20.9 | 16.7–25.5 | 21.5 | 17.6–27.8 | 0.449 |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.37 | 0.27–0.50 | 0.40 | 0.27–0.50 | 0.35 | 0.27–0.50 | 0.994 |
| Total body BMD (g/cm2) | 1.299 | 1.230–1.366 | 1.294 | 1.221–1.369 | 1.299 | 1.234–1.360 | 0.574 |
| Spine BMD (g/cm2) | 1.230 | 1.108–1.326 | 1.233 | 1.106–1.334 | 1.213 | 1.110–1.315 | 0.657 |
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 1.023 | 0.941–1.125 | 1.027 | 0.932–1.143 | 1.022 | 0.956–1.120 | 0.346 |
| Total hip BMD (g/cm2) | 1.076 | 1.001–1.168 | 1.073 | 0.993–1.184 | 1.076 | 1.002–1.156 | 0.629 |
| TBS | 1.368 | 1.313–1.463 | 1.357 | 1.313–1.521 | 1.382 | 1.351–1.445 | 0.743 |
| Season 1 (%) | 34.0 | 32 | 36 | 0.386 | |||
| Season 2 (%) | 37.5 | 34 | 41 | ||||
| Season 3 (%) | 11.5 | 14 | 9 | ||||
| Season 4 (%) | 17.0 | 20 | 14 | ||||
Comparisons of baseline characteristics between men in the vitamin D and the placebo group were performed using student’s t-test and χ2-test. Season 1: January–March, season 2: April–June, season 3: July–September, season 4: October–December; IQR=interquartile range, PTH = parathyroid hormone, CTX = beta-crosslaps, BMD = bone mineral density, TBS = trabecular bone score.