Table 1.
Maternal characteristics in relation to maternal use of pure iron supplements and offspring intake of iron droplets during the first 18 months of infancy.
| All | Maternal Use of Iron Supplements | Offspring Use of Iron Droplets | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Use (n = 15,071) |
Early Use (n = 11,092) |
Late Use (n = 48,318) |
No (n = 24,281) |
Yes (n = 27,595) |
||
| Maternal age (years) | 30.4 (4.2) | 30.7 (4.4) | 30.7 (4.2) | 30.3 (4.1) | 30.5 (4.2) | 30.6 (4.1) |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| % underweight (<18.5) | 4.3% | 4.1% | 5.4% | 4.2% | 3.9% | 4.2% |
| % normal weight (18.5–25) | 68.2% | 66.1% | 70.5% | 68.8% | 66.4% | 69.7% |
| % overweight (25–30) | 19.6% | 20.6% | 17.8% | 19.4% | 20.9% | 18.8% |
| % obese (>30) | 7.9% | 9.2% | 6.4% | 7.6% | 8.8% | 7.3% |
| Maternal Smoking, % | 24.5% | 27.2% | 25.5% | 23.4% | 26.0% | 21.5% |
| Nulliparous, % | 48.4% | 39.5% | 41.3% | 51.5% | 45.5% | 49.8% |
| Socio-economic status | ||||||
| High, % | 55.3% | 52.7% | 54.9% | 56.3% | 52.6% | 58.9% |
| Medium, % | 27.2% | 27.9% | 28.0% | 27.1% | 29.8% | 25.4% |
| Low, % | 12.2% | 14.3% | 12.7% | 11.3% | 13.0% | 10.3% |
| Students, % | 5.3% | 5.1% | 4.5% | 5.3% | 4.6% | 5.3% |
| Breastfeeding, % | ||||||
| No | 11.1% | 11.6% | 11.1% | 10.8% | 13.2% | 6.3% |
| 1–6 months | 28.4% | 28.9% | 28.8% | 28.1% | 33.3% | 17.5% |
| 6+ months | 60.6% | 59.5% | 60.1% | 61.1% | 53.5% | 76.2% |
| Gestational age at delivery (days) | 280.2 (12.4) | 280.8 (11.5) | 280.9 (21.9) | 280.8 (11.2) | 281.1 (10.8) | 279.8 (13.0) |
| Cesarean section, % | 15.3% | 14.1% | 13.8% | 15.2% | 15.1% | 15.1% |
| Maternal celiac disease (n,%) | 172, 0.25% | 36, 0.24% | 45, 0.41% | 122, 0.25% | 57, 0.23% | 64, 0.24% |
| Maternal type 1 diabetes (n,%) | 332, 0.49% | 77, 0.51% | 44, 0.40% | 232, 0.48% | 114, 0.47% | 137, 0.53% |
| Maternal anemia (n,%) | 1916, 3.5% | 427, 3.6% | 606, 7.0% | 1374, 3.5% | 732, 3.6% | 804, 3.5% |
Early use = before gestational week 20; late use = after gestational week 20; Body Mass Index, BMI.