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. 2019 Apr 6;11(4):207. doi: 10.3390/toxins11040207

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Schematic of proposed mechanism of CTA and CT holotoxin assembly and secretion via T2SS and OMVs under low-salt and salt-rich conditions. In this schematic, CTB is shown as turquoise circles, CTA (28 kDa) as dark blue ovals, and CTA* (18 kDa) as light blue ovals. Our results demonstrate that an increase in the osmolarity of the culture results in an increase in the secretion of CT through both T2SS and OMVs. We propose that three forms of CT can be found under salt-rich conditions; (1) the free, soluble CT, (2) the OMV-surface associated CT, and (3) the OMV-encapsulated CTA.