Table 1.
Cytotoxicity (IC50) and selectivity index (SI) of the extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds of R. parviflora in ovarian cancer cell lines and an immortalized human ovarian epithelial (HOE) cell line after 72 h treatment. IC50 is the half maximal inhibitory concentration of extracts, fractions, or compounds. SI is a ratio of the measured IC50 value against HOE to the measured IC50 value against each cancer cell line. The results are expressed as mean ±SEM (n = 3). n.d., not determined.
| Extract, Fraction and Compounds | OVCAR-4 | OVCAR-8 | A2780 | A2780cis | HOE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (µg/ml) | |||||
| Organic extract | 6.6 ± 1.6 | 8.7 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Aqueous extract | n.d. | 5.9 ± 0.03 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 0.03 | n.d. |
| n-Hexane fraction | 23.3 ± 1.0 | 18.3 ± 0.3 | 7.3 ± 0.8 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Ethyl acetate fraction | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | n.d. | n.d. |
| n-Butanol fraction | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Aqueous fraction | 22.9 ± 1.3 | 22.1 ± 1.1 | 12.8 ± 1.3 | n.d. | n.d. |
| (µM) | |||||
| Palmatine (1) | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.9 ± 0.5 | 6.6 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.9 | 25.1 ± 5.0 |
| SI for 1 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 4.6 | - |
| Urs-12-en-24-oic acid, 3-oxo-, methyl ester (2) | 85.4 ± 2.4 | 48.9 ± 2.0 | 31.6 ± 3.3 | n.d. | >200 |
| SI for 2 | >2 | >4 | >6.5 | - | - |
| Carboplatin | 11.1 ± 0.4 | 10.8 ± 1.3 | 16.0 ± 1.0 | >100 | 15.2 ± 3.0 |
| SI for carboplatin | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.95 | <0.15 | - |