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. 2019 May 2;2019:1378174. doi: 10.1155/2019/1378174

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Copyright © 2019 Stephanie L. Gaw et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Hemozoin localization within villous syncytiotrophoblasts and Hofbauer cells (HBCs) and associations with gravidity and birth weight. (a)-(b) Hemozoin (HZ) colocalized with KRT7+ syncytiotrophoblasts ((a) left with boxed area magnified [middle]) and CD68+ HBCs ((b) left with boxed area magnified [middle]) within the villi of P. falciparum-infected placentas. Polarized light enabled the visualization of HZ crystals ((a) and (b) right). Bar=40μm (left), 10μm (middle). (c) Primigravidas (PG, white, n=9) showed increased percentage of villi with HZ, numbers of HZ-positive STBs and HZ-positive HBCs, compared to multigravidas (MG, gray, n=8). Data is shown as median, interquartile range, and adjacent values. P-values were calculated using Wilcoxon rank sum test. (d) Linear regression showed that birth weight decreased as the percentage of villi containing HZ increased (regression coefficient b= -0.032 kg, p=0.035). Abbreviations: KRT7, cytokeratin 7; IVS, intervillous space; VC, villous core; HZ, hemozoin; PG, primigravida; MG, multigravida; STB, syncytiotrophoblast; HBC, Hofbauer cell; HPF, high-powered field.