Table 3.
Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression of factors associated with dietary diversity among pregnant women in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016 (Model fitness checked with Hosmer and Lemeshow Test (χ2 = 4.798, P = 0.779)
| Variables (Mean and standard deviation was used for continues variables) | Dietary diversity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inadequate | Adequate | COR (95% CI) | P | AOR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age | 29.06 (± 5.44) | 1.05 (1.02–1.08) | 0.001 | 1.02 (0.96–1.09) | 0.471 | |
| Educational status | ||||||
| No education | 303 | 80 | 35.54 (19.07–45.18) | < 0.001 | 7.30 (2.35–22.68) | 0.001 |
| Primary school | 82 | 68 | 11.32 (5.87–21.81) | < 0.001 | 2.31 (0.83–6.44) | 0.109 |
| Secondary school | 25 | 66 | 3.56 (1.71–7.41) | 0.001 | 1.253 (0.49–3.19) | 0.637 |
| College and above | 13 | 122 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Educational status of partner | ||||||
| No education | 250 | 71 | 25.61 (15.26–42.98) | < 0.001 | 0.93 (0.31–2.85) | 0.907 |
| Primary school | 88 | 42 | 15.24 (8.55–27.15) | < 0.001 | 1.20 (0.44–3.26) | 0.725 |
| Secondary school | 41 | 57 | 5.23 (2.87–9.53) | < 0.001 | 1.69 (0.76–3.72) | 0.196 |
| College and above | 22 | 160 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Woman’s Occupation | ||||||
| Salary based | 22 | 45 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Non-salary based | 401 | 291 | 2.82 (1.66–4.80) | < 0.001 | 1.06 (0.82–1.37) | 0.649 |
| Place of residence | ||||||
| Rural | 366 | 111 | 13.02 (9.08–18.66) | < 0.001 | 2.57 (0.81–8.20) | 0.111 |
| Urban | 57 | 225 | 1 | |||
| Number of lifetime pregnancy | ||||||
| 1–3 | 233 | 251 | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 3 | 190 | 85 | 2.41 (1.76–3.29) | < 0.001 | 0.71 (0.31–1.61) | 0.457 |
| Number of lifetime live birth | 1.97 (± 1.81) | 1.33 (1.22–1.45) | < 0.001 | 0.85 (0.65–1.10) | 0.208 | |
| Number of ANC visit | 2.67 (± 0.97) | 0.75 (0.64–0.89) | 0.002 | 0.92 (0.73–1.15) | 0.457 | |
| Received dietary counseling | ||||||
| Yes | 257 | 300 | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | 50 | 14 | 4.17 (2.25–7.72) | < 0.001 | 3.31 (1.49–7.35) | 0.003 |
| Wealth index (in quintile) | ||||||
| The poorest | 117 | 34 | 86.03 (29.51–250.77) | < 0.001 | 8.59 (1.56–47.34) | 0.014 |
| Poorer | 110 | 42 | 65.48 (22.67–189.13) | < 0.001 | 6.34 (1.16–34.65) | 0.033 |
| Poor | 125 | 27 | 115.7 (39.2–341.7) | < 0.001 | 8.46 (1.56–45.70) | 0.013 |
| Richer | 67 | 133 | 12.59 (4.44–35.69) | < 0.001 | 6.57 (2.16–20.01) | 0.001 |
| The richest | 4 | 100 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Food insecurity | ||||||
| Yes | 110 | 42 | 2.46 (1.67–3.63) | < 0.001 | 0.73 (0.40–1.33) | 0.300 |
| No | 313 | 294 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Meal frequency | 3.63 (± 0.84) | 0.26 (0.20–0.32) | < 0.001 | 0.530 (0.38–0.74) | < 0.001 | |