Table 2.
Observation of echocardiographic characteristics between groups (values are means±standard deviation)
| Observation | Mean±SD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Sham | Endurance | HIIT | |
| LVEDV | 0.380±0.073 | 0.368±0.120* | 0.736±0.147† | 0.545±0.196*,‡ |
| LVPWs | 0.240±0.020 | 0.251±0.011 | 0.280±0.012† | 0.286±0.022† |
| LVPWd | 0.152±0.004 | 0.163±0.013 | 0.160±0.008 | 0.168±0.011 |
| SV | 0.284±0.055 | 0.303±0.077 | 0.536±0.143† | 0.524±0.119* |
| EF (%) | 82.83±0.205 | 82.26±3.32 | 86.16±0.74 | 81.03±4.09 |
| FS (%) | 44.38±0.163 | 45.10±4.65 | 51.45±3.46* | 51.04±4.88* |
*Significant difference with control (P≤0.05), †Significant difference with sham (P≤0.05), ‡Significant difference with ET (P≤0.05). SD=Standard deviation; HIIT=High-intensity interval training; SV=Stroke volume; EF=Ejection fraction; FS=Fraction shortening; LV=Left ventricle; LVEDV=LV end diastolic volume; LVPWs=LV posterior walls; LVPWd=LV posterior wall