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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Invest Dermatol. 2018 Mar 9;138(9):1945–1954. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.02.035

Figure 1. Lysosomes are necessary for epidermal differentiation.

Figure 1.

(a) 2 μM Lys05, for 48-hours, blocked lysosome-mediated degradation of autophagosomes, resulting in the retention of p62, LC3AII, and LC3BII. (b) Over the 9-day time course of this experiment Lys05-treated keratinocytes proliferated at nearly the same rate as control keratinocytes (Log2 of means ± s.d.). (c) Control versus Lys05 or bafilomycin-A1 treated organotypic cultures. Lysosomal inhibition results in undifferentiated tissue lacking normal epidermal architecture (H+E), including the expression of keratin 10 (red), filaggrin (green), involucrin (red), and loricrin (green), nuclei (blue). (d) Nonsilencing control (NS) and vATPase shRNA knockdown (vATPasei) organotypic cultures highlighting keratin-10 (red), filaggrin (green), and nuclei (blue). vATPase gene knockdown was confirmed by qPCR. All scale bars = 100μM.