Table 2.
OLS Regressions of the Depression Score (Ranging From Zero to Eight) on Sociodemographic Variables and Chronic Disease Indicators
| Univariable | Multivariablea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient (95% CI) | p Value | Coefficient (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Body mass index | ||||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 0.46 (0.20 to 0.72) | .001 | 0.45 (0.19 to 0.71) | .001 |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 0.12 (0.01 to 0.24) | .031 | 0.17 (0.06 to 0.29) | .004 |
| ≥30.0 kg/m2 | 0.01 (−0.10 to 0.12) | .873 | 0.07 (−0.06 to 0.19) | .276 |
| Diabetes | 0.27 (0.10 to 0.44) | .002 | 0.13 (−0.04 to 0.29) | .135 |
| HIV+ | −0.21 (−0.32 to −0.11) | <.001 | −0.08 (−0.19 to 0.03) | .173 |
| Hypertension | 0.16 (0.07 to 0.25) | .001 | 0.06 (−0.04 to 0.15) | .260 |
| Female | 0.11 (0.03 to 0.20) | .012 | 0.02 (−0.08 to 0.13) | .660 |
| Age group (y) | ||||
| 40–49 | Reference | <.001b | Reference | <.001b |
| 50–59 | 0.24 (0.12 to 0.36) | 0.15 (0.02 to 0.28) | ||
| 60–69 | 0.35 (0.23 to 0.48) | 0.19 (0.05 to 0.34) | ||
| 70–79 | 0.56 (0.42 to 0.70) | 0.30 (0.13 to 0.46) | ||
| ≥80 | 1.04 (0.85 to 1.24) | 0.63 (0.40 to 0.86) | ||
| Currently married | −0.37 (−0.46 to −0.28) | <.001 | −0.24 (−0.35 to −0.14) | <.001 |
| Employedc | −0.59 (−0.69 to −0.50) | <.001 | −0.42 (−0.53 to −0.32) | <.001 |
| Wealth quintile | ||||
| 1 (poorest) | Reference | <.001b | Reference | .075b |
| 2 | 0.09 (−0.06 to 0.24) | 0.09 (−0.07 to 0.25) | ||
| 3 | 0.04 (−0.11 to 0.19) | 0.06 (−0.10 to 0.22) | ||
| 4 | −0.16 (−0.30 to −0.02) | −0.09 (−0.24 to 0.07) | ||
| 5 (wealthiest) | −0.25 (−0.40 to −0.11) | −0.08 (−0.25 to 0.08) | ||
| Education | ||||
| None | Reference | <.001b | Reference | .286b |
| Primary | −0.13 (−0.23 to −0.02) | 0.03 (−0.08 to 0.14) | ||
| Secondary | −0.39 (−0.53 to −0.24) | −0.07 (−0.23 to 0.09) | ||
| >Secondary | −0.58 (−0.72 to −0.44) | −0.07 (−0.25 to 0.10) | ||
Note: CI = confidence interval; HIV+ = HIV positive; OLS = ordinary least squares.
aThe multivariable regression included all variables listed in this table as independent variables. bp Value for linear trend. cEmployment was defined as being engaged in full-time or part-time work.