(A-D) BMDMs were infected with WT or N1347A MHV and treated with vehicle (0.25% DMSO), 5 mM 3-AB, or 10 μM XAV-939 following a 1-hour adsorption phase. Cells were either fixed at 16 hpi and analyzed for virus-encoded GFP expression by fluorescence microscopy (A); collected at 20 hpi, and viral titers determined by plaque assay (B); or collected at 12 hpi, and RNA levels determined by RT-qPCR with primers specific to genomic RNA (C) or IFNβ (D). The data in (A-D) show one experiment representative of two independent experiments; DMSO, n = 6; 3-AB and XAV-939, n = 3. Numbers above bars represent fold difference between WT and N1347A or between DMSO- and inhibitor-treated cells infected with N1347A virus.