Table 2. Scope and conformational behavior of all-cis-4-fluoropiperidines.

Reactions were carried out on a 0.5–1.0 mmol scale. Yields were determined after column chromatography (TFA-analogues) or precipitation (HCl-analogues). Diastereomeric ratio (d.r.) values were determined by ¹⁹F NMR or GC analysis prior to purification. The conformational behavior was determined by NMR studies. For details concerning catalyst loading, see Supplementary Section 4. ^aSee general procedure B in Supplementary Section 4 for the deprotection of TFA-fluoropiperidines to generate the fluoropiperidine hydrochloride analogues.