Table 3. Adjusted mean valuesa of abdominal fat deposition indices according to weekly alcohol consumption in 998 men aged 40–79 years after further adjustment for BMI (SESSA, Shiga, Japan, 2006–2008).
| n | Categories of weekly alcohol consumption (g/week) | Trend P | ||||
| Non-drinkers | 0.1–160.9 | 161–321.9 | 322–482.9 | ≥483 | ||
| 192 | 378 | 226 | 129 | 73 | ||
| VAT area, cm2 | 108.2 (2.8) | 118.1 (2.0) | 121.1 (2.5) | 128.7 (3.3) | 127.1 (4.4) | <0.001 |
| SAT area, cm2 | 121.9 (2.2) | 124.3 (1.6) | 119.8 (2.0) | 120.8 (2.7) | 114.8 (3.6) | 0.112 |
| TAT area, cm2 | 230.1 (3.8) | 242.4 (2.7) | 240.9 (3.5) | 249.5 (4.7) | 241.8 (6.2) | 0.021 |
| VAT% | 47.2 (0.6) | 48.3 (0.4) | 49.7 (0.5) | 51.3 (0.8) | 52.1 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| VSR | 0.95 (0.03) | 1.00 (0.02) | 1.04 (0.02) | 1.13 (0.03) | 1.17 (0.04) | <0.001 |
| WC, cm | 84.5 (0.3) | 85.5 (0.2) | 86.0 (0.3) | 85.5 (0.4) | 85.8 (0.5) | 0.006 |
| WHtR | 0.51 (0.00) | 0.51 (0.00) | 0.52 (0.00) | 0.51 (0.00) | 0.52 (0.00) | 0.004 |
| WHRb | 0.92 (0.00) | 0.92 (0.00) | 0.93 (0.00) | 0.93 (0.00) | 0.93 (0.00) | 0.009 |
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; SAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue; SE, standard error; SESSA, Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis; TAT, abdominal total adipose tissue; VAT, abdominal visceral adipose tissue; VAT%, percentage of visceral adipose tissue; VSR, VAT-SAT ratio; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio.
Values are expressed as mean (SE). P values for trend were obtained using linear regression.
aMean values were adjusted for BMI in addition to age, daily steps, daily number of cigarettes, history of CVD, and history of liver disease.
bA total of 952 (non-drinkers, 184; 0.1–160.9 g/week, 368; 161–321.9 g/week, 213; 322–482.9 g/week, 119; ≥483 g/week, 68) men underwent measurement of hip circumferences.