Fig. 7.

Co-occurrence analysis revealed four sub-networks of co-occurring operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that differ in taxonomic composition, network structure, and distribution across host taxonomic orders. a The network is a presence–absence co-occurrence network, with only significant edges shown (see “Methods”). Sub-networks are represented by differing node shapes and labels next to each sub-network. “Centrality betweenness” is a measure of how often the shortest path between two nodes transverses through the focal node. b The distribution of community presence among samples from each species (percentage of samples per species) shown for each host taxonomic order, with points representing the mean and line ranges representing +/− the standard error of the mean. The plots are faceted by host taxonomic class (Act = Actinopterygii, Amp = Amphibia, Ave = Aves, Mam = Mammalia, Rep = Reptilia). c Similar to b but grouped by host diet. d A table of sub-network statistics, with “Graph density” defined as “number of edges/total possible edges,” “Max centrality” defined as the max number of shortest paths between any two nodes that cross the focal node, and “% LIPA OTUs” defined as the percentage of OTUs with significant local phylogenetic signal (Fig. 4). Source data are provided as a Source Data file