Table 3.
Heavy metals/oligoelements of dental materials.
| Heavy Metals from Dental Amalgams | ||||
| Hg++ | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 1.6 | 1.25 | 2.3 | H = 13.85, p < 0.001. |
| d0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 3.7 * | MW (* p < 0.005). |
| d90 | 1.15 | 0.34 | 2.1 *,# | MW (# d90 vs. d0, p = 0.049); * p < 0.05 d90 vs. Cont |
| Ag | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.06 | H = 9.3, p = 0.01. |
| d0 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.155 # | MW (* p = 0.005 d0 vs. control). (# d90 vs. d0, p = 0.031) |
| d90 | 0.055 | 0.025 | 0.075 | |
| Sn | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 0.045 | 0.02 | 0.095 | H = 6.27, p = 0.43. |
| d0 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.20 * | MW (* d0 vs. Cont, p = 0.023). |
| d90 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.105 # | MW (# d90 vs. d0, p = 0.047). |
| Zn++ | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 195 | 180 | 230 | H = 5, p = 0.078 |
| d0 | 245 | 208 | 275 * | MW (* p < 0.05 d0 vs. control). |
| d90 | 210 | 180 | 242 | |
| Cu++ | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 13.5 | 10.5 | 35.5 | H = 1.01, p = 0.6, n.s |
| d0 | 15 | 11 | 31 | |
| d90 | 13.5 | 10 | 19.5 | |
| Materials from Dental Titanium Alloys (Cr, Ni, Co) | ||||
| Al | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 2.9 | 2.05 | 5.6 | H = 4.6, p = 0.1, n.s. |
| d0 | 3 | 1.6 | 4.6 | |
| d90 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.4 * | MW (* d90 vs. control, p = 0.029). |
| Cr | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.39 | H=9.64, p = 0.008 |
| d0 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.39 | |
| d90 | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.45 *,# | MW or Dunn’s.* p < 0.05 vs. cont, # p < 0.05 d90 vs. d0 |
| Co | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.010 | H = 4.97, p = 0.083, n.s. |
| d0 | 0.017 | 0.04 | 0.035 * | MW * p < 0.05 d0 vs. control. |
| d90 | 0.06 | 0.035 | 0.012 | |
| Ni | Median | 25% | 75% | H |
| Control | 0.055 | 0.04 | 0.10 | H = 3.07, p = 0.21, n.s. |
| d0 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.16 * | MW (* p < 0.05, d0 vs. Cont). |
| d90 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.16 | |
| V | Media | S.E.M | F | |
| Control | 0.04 | 0.003 | F (2.50) = 2.73, p = 0.07, n.s. | |
| d0 | 0.031 | 0.004 * | Bonferroni (p = 0.043, alpha (α) = 0.05, beta (β) = 0.42). * p < 0.05 vs. control |
|
| d90 | 0.041 | 0.0035 # | (# p < 0.05, d90 vs. d0) | |
| * p < 0.05 vs. Cont | # p < 0.05 d90 vs. d0 | n.s: non significant effect (p > 0.05, n.s). | ||
Percentiles analysis for heavy metals/oligoelement levels in Kruskal-Wallis (H) between patients with long-term titanium implant and dental fillings after 90 days of supplementation (d90, n = 16) as compared with their own basal levels (d0: before any supplementation, n = 16) and untreated (non-supplemented) controls without dental materials (control, n = 21). All heavy metals and oligoelements were expressed as μg/g of hair. H is the Krukal-Wallis analysis and F is ANOVA data. MW = Mann Whitney, S.E.M = standard error media; Control: controls without dental materials and non-supplemented (n = 21); d0: patients with long-term titanium implants and dental amalgam fillings restorations before any supplementation (d0, n = 16); d90: patients with long-term titanium implants and amalgams after 90 days of supplementation (n = 16); n.s: not significant effect, p > 0.05. * p < 0.05 vs. Control; # p < 0.05 d90 vs. d0.