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. 2019 Apr 17;9(4):622. doi: 10.3390/nano9040622

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cartoon rendition of AuNPs evolution towards nanowires: (i) GAP (red) poorly-passivated, small AuNPs grow by clustering and coalescence; the nanoparticles catalyze the oxidation of GAP to GAP-COOH (blue) and O₂ is reduced to H₂O₂; (ii) larger nanoparticles aggregate to form necklaces in a process mostly driven by GAP-COOH. Ramifications occurs because of the less selective aggregation of smaller nanoparticles; (iii) residual Au(I) is reduced to Au(0) by H₂O₂ and this induces fusion and nanowires formation.