Table 1.

Psychosis-related positive symptoms and disorganization.

Study Participant	Drug	Delusions	Conceptual Disorganization	Hallucinatory Behavior	Excitement	Grandiosity	Suspiciousness/Persecution	Hostility
male 1	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ mild	✕	✓ minimal	✕	✓ mild	✕
male 2	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ mild	✕	✓ mild	✓ minimal	✕	✕
male 3	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ severe	✓ mild	✓ moderate	✓ moderate	✓ mild	✕
male 4	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ minimal	✕	✓ minimal	✕	✕	✕
male 5	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ moderate	✓ mild	✕	✕	✓ minimal	✕
male 6	Δ9-THC	✓ mild	✓ moderate	✓ mild	✓ moderate	✓ moderate	✕	✕
male 7	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ moderate	✓ mild	✓ mild	✕	✓ minimal	✕
female 1	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ mild	✕	✕	✕	✕	✓ mild
female 2	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ mild	✓ mild	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 3	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ mild	✕	✓ mild	✕	✕	✕
female 4	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ moderate	✓ minimal	✓ mild	✕	✓ mild	✓ mild
female 5	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ mild	✓ mild	✓ mild	✕	✓ mild	✕
female 6	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ moderate	✓ mild	✓ minimal	✕	✕	✕
female 7	Δ9-THC	✕	✓ moderate	✕	✕	✕	✓ minimal	✕
female 8	Δ9-THC	✓ moderate	✓ moderate/severe	✓ severe	✕	✓ moderate	✓ minimal	✕
female 9	Δ9-THC	✓ minimal	✓ moderate	✓ moderate	✕	✕	✓ moderate	✓ mild
male 1	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
male 2	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
male 3	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✓ minimal	✕	✕	✕
male 4	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
male 5	placebo	✕	✓ mild	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
male 6	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
male 7	placebo	✕	✓ mild	✓ minimal	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 1	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 2	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 3	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✓ minimal	✕	✕	✕
female 4	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 5	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 6	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 7	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 8	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕
female 9	placebo	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕	✕

Δ9-THC, (−)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol; symptoms highlighted in bold were still observable 2.5 h after the injection.