Table 5.

Mechanistic release kinetics of HQ from topical formulations (F). Regression coefficient (R²) values from the permeability data (expressed in %/cm²) through synthetic (S.M.) or natural membranes (M.S.) using the following kinetic equations: zero order, first order, Higuchi, Hixson–Crowell and Korsmeyer–Peppas.

F	Membrane	Zero Order	First Order	Higuchi	Hixson–Crowell	Korsmeyer–Peppas
F1	S.M.	0.9851	0.9846	0.9299	0.9848	0.9919
F2	S.M.	0.9735	0.9728	0.9047	0.9731	0.9923
F3	S.M.	0.9919	0.9901	0.9448	0.9908	0.9951
F4	S.M.	0.9923	0.9918	0.9474	0.9919	0.9950
F1	M.S.	0.9797	0.9833	0.9767	0.9822	0.9835
F2	M.S.	0.9801	0.9822	0.9723	0.9815	0.9821
F3	M.S.	0.9517	0.9852	0.9917	0.9774	0.9837
F4	M.S.	0.9653	0.9760	0.9920	0.9728	0.9863