Table 3.
Main characteristics from the non RCT and RCT about clopidogrel included in this review. MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events, CV: cardiovascular, LOF: loss of function alleles, ST: stent thrombosis, MI: myocardial infarction.
| Ref | Year | Ethnic | Population Studied | n | PCI-Stent (%) |
Follow up | Endpoint | Polymorphisms | Outcomes (Intervention Group vs. Control Group) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non RCT | |||||||||
| Sánchez-Ramos [35] |
2016 | Europeans | ACS-PCI-stent | 719 | 100 | 1 year | MACE (CV death, ACS, stroke) | CYP2C19*2, *3 and ABCB1 | HR 0.63 (0.41-0.97) p = 0.037 HR 0.61 (0.39-0.94) p = 0.02** |
| ST definite | CYP2C19 *2, *3 and ABCB1 | HR 1.27 (0.08-20.2) p = 0.87 | |||||||
| Urgent revascularization* | CYP2C19 *2, *3 and ABCB1 | HR 0.63 (0.31-1.28) p = 0.20 | |||||||
| RCT | |||||||||
| Shen [36] |
2016 | Asians | CAD-PCI | 628 | 100 | 1 month 6 months 12 months |
MACE (composite of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization) | CYP2C19*2 | 1.3% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.003 3.2% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.012 4.2% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.010 |
| Roberts (Rapid Gene) [37] |
2012 | Europeans | ACS or stable angina/ stent | 187 | 100 | 7 days | high on-treatment platelet reactivity | CYP2C19*2 | 0% vs. 30% p = 0.0092 |
| Roberts (RAPID STEMI study) [38] |
2016 | Europeans | STEMI- stent | 102 | 100 | 1 month | high on-treatment platelet reactivity | CYP2C19*2, *17 and ABCB1 TT | OR=0.15 p = 0.03 |
| Xie [39] |
2013 | Asians | CAD-PCI | 600 | 100 | 180 days | MACE (death from any cause, MI, stroke, ischemia) | CYP2C19*2,*3 | 1.0% and 6.2%, p < 0.01 |
| Notarangelo Pharmclo [40] | 2018 | Europeans | ACS | 888 | No data | 12 months | MACE (CV death, nonfatal IM, nonfatal stroke) | CYP2C19*2, *17 and ABCB1 | HR 0.58 (0.43-0.78) p < 0.001 |
| Bergmeijer (Popular genetics) [41] |
ongoing | Europeans | STEMI-stent | 2500 | 100 | 15 months | MACE (CV death, ACS, stroke) | CYP2C19*2, *3 | |
| Tailor-PCI (NCT01742117) |
ongoing | Europeans | ACS or CAD/ stent | 5000 | 100 | 12 months | MACE (non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, severe recurrent ischemia, CV death, and ST) | CYP2C19*2,*17 | |
Data are showed as: OR: odds ratio, HR: hazard ratio, (95%CI), p-value, * Urgent revascularization non related with ST, ** adjusted in multivariate analysis.