Table 3.
Effects of supplementing cows without rumen-protected betaine (CON) or with rumen-protected betaine (BET) on blood metabolites from four weeks before expected calving to six weeks postpartum.
| Items 1 | Treatment | SEM | p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | BET | Treat | Week | Treat × Week | ||
| TP, g/L | 78.78 | 78.95 | 1.61 | 0.94 | <0.01 | 0.36 |
| ALB, g/L | 25.77 | 25.42 | 0.35 | 0.50 | <0.01 | 0.28 |
| GLOB, g/L | 53.01 | 53.53 | 2.02 | 0.86 | <0.01 | 0.56 |
| A/G | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.02 | 0.76 | <0.01 | 0.76 |
| ALT, U/L | 14.41 | 13.90 | 0.94 | 0.71 | <0.01 | 0.81 |
| AST, U/L | 71.86 | 73.67 | 4.15 | 0.76 | <0.01 | 0.40 |
| ALP, U/L | 33.29 | 36.34 | 1.81 | 0.26 | <0.01 | 0.91 |
| TBIL, µmol/L | 2.61 | 2.75 | 0.25 | 0.70 | <0.01 | 0.99 |
| TG, mmol/L | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.32 | <0.01 | 0.39 |
| CHOl, mmol/L | 2.52 | 2.37 | 0.09 | 0.26 | <0.01 | 0.42 |
| GLU, mmol/L | 3.34 | 3.30 | 0.07 | 0.72 | <0.01 | 0.83 |
| NEFA, µmol/L | 246.57 | 243.90 | 20.74 | 0.93 | <0.01 | 0.95 |
| BHB, µmol/L | 802.72 | 812.65 | 92.55 | 0.94 | <0.01 | 0.07 |
1 TP = total protein. ALB = albumin. GLOB = globulin. A/G = albumin/globulin. ALT = alanine aminotransferase. AST = aspartate aminotransferase. ALP = alkaline phosphatase. TBIL = total bilirubin. TG = triglyceride. CHOL = cholesterol. GLU = glucose. NEFA = non-esterified fatty acids. BHB = β-hydroxybutyrate.