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. 2019 May 10;10:589. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00589

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Copyright © 2019 Cao, Ye, Hao, Dabney-Smith, Hunt and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Proposed model for cell type-specific APA and gene expression under Cd stress. APA modulates gene expression through changing single PAC usage including switching poly(A) site preferences or majorly by altering multiple PAC usages in one gene. Under Cd stress, APA is involved in changing expression of genes function in translation initiation and ncRNA processing, as well as root hair defects and oxidative stress response, which are responsible for reduced translation efficiency, root hair morphology and unbalanced cell differentiation, respectively.