Table 4.

Clinical and Treatment Factor Hazard Ratios for the Risk of Early-Onset (>3 and ≤ 12 months postoperatively) versus Late-Onset (>12 months postoperatively) Lymphedema

Clinical Factor			Development of Lymphedema
				Multivariate (Early)		Multivariate (Late)
	No. of women	No. of Early LymphED	No. of Late LymphED	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	P	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	P
Age at diagnosis, years
≥50 vs	1477	66	90	--	--	--	--
<50	785	45	32
BMI at diagnosis
≥30 vs	532	42	41	2.24 (1.5,3.36)	0.0001	2.01 (1.35,2.98)	0.0005
<30	1393	54	66
Tumor type
DCIS vs	219	5	7	0.52 (0.16,1.71)	0.2814	0.56 (0.18,1.78)	0.3289
IBC	2047	106	115
Breast surgery
Mastectomy vs	1034	36	53	0.69 (0.43,1.1)	0.1143	0.88 (0.58,1.34)	0.554
Lumpectomy	1232	75	69
Axillary surgery
ALND vs	547	67	63	4.75 (2.56,8.82)	<0.0001	1.86 (1.07,3.24)	0.0289
SLNB	1520	38	53
Radiation
RLNR vs	541	55	57	1.21 (0.65,2.27)	0.546	3.86 (2.01,7.43)	0.0001
No RLNR	903	31	30
Lymph nodes removed
≥3 vs	980	80	77	--	--	--	--
<3	1114	25	38
Chemotherapy
Yes	1017	26	27	0.73 (0.4,1.33)	0.3061	0.7 (0.4,1.22)	0.2112
No	1249	85	95
Hormonal therapy
Yes vs	1646	82	91	--	--	--	--
No	620	29	31

Abbreviations: LymphED, lymphedema; No., number; BMI, body mass index; SLNB, sentinel lymph node biopsy; ALND, axillary lymph node dissection; RLNR, regional lymph node radiation; LN, lymph node; RT, radiation therapy; DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ; IBC, invasive breast cancer