Table 4.
Bivariate analysis of the maternal health characteristics of study participants, Brong Ahafo Region, 2016
| Variables | Cases(N = 120) N (%) |
Controls(N = 240) N (%) |
OR | 95% CI | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First trimester hemoglobin | |||||
| 11 g/dl and above | 39 (33.3) | 124 (52.1) | 1 | ref | |
| Below 11 g/dl | 78 (66.6) | 114 (47.9) | 2.18 | 1.34–3.55 | < 0.001 |
| Hospital admissions in pregnancy | |||||
| No | 72 (60.0) | 191 (79.9) | 1 | ref | |
| Yes | 48 (40) | 48 (20.1) | 2.65 | 1.59–4.42 | < 0.001 |
| Iron supplementation intake | |||||
| Always | 69 (57.5) | 175 (73.2) | 1 | ref | |
| Not regularly | 32 (26.7) | 47 (19.7) | 1.73 | 1.01–2.94 | 0.042 |
| Never | 19 (15.8) | 17 (7.1) | 2.83 | 1.37–5.85 | < 0.001 |
| Poor appetite | |||||
| No | 49 (41.2) | 122 (52.6) | 1 | ref | |
| Yes | 70 (58.8) | 110 (47.4) | 1.58 | 0.99–2.54 | 0.043 |
| Poor appetite | |||||
| No | 49 (41.2) | 122 (52.6) | 1 | ref | |
| Yes | 70 (58.8) | 110 (47.4) | 1.58 | 0.99–2.54 | 0.043 |
| Intake of Herbal medications | |||||
| No | 92 (76.7) | 218 (90.8) | 1 | ref | |
| Yes | 28 (23.3) | 22 (9.2) | 3.02 | 1.57–5.84 | < 0.001 |