Table 2.

Synopsis of enzymatic activities and suspected roles in disease for the ten human small JMJD proteins. Disputed enzymatic activities are highlighted in red color. As a further cautionary note, many other listed enzymatic activities have been reported by just one research group and thus await independent confirmation.

	Enzymatic Activity	Role in Cancer	Role in Other Diseases
HIF1AN	- Hydroxylation of asparagine, aspartate and histidine	Pro cancer: breast cancer, colon adenocarcinoma, melanoma Anti cancer: ovarian cancer	- Hepatic steatosis - Nephronophthisis
HSPBAP1	- unknown	Pro cancer: hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, renal cell cancer	- Epilepsy
JMJD4	- C4 lysine hydroxylation	Pro cancer: colon adenocarcinoma, liver cancer
JMJD5	- H3K36me2 demethylation - C3 arginine hydroxylation - Endo-/exopeptidase at arginine-methylated and endopeptidase at lysine- methylated histones	Pro cancer: breast cancer, colorectal cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, prostate cancer Anti cancer: cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer
JMJD6	- H3R2me2/1 and H4R3me2/1 demethylation - Arginine demethylation in non-histone proteins - Removal of methyl cap on 7SK snRNA - C5 lysine hydroxylation - H2A.X tyrosine kinase	Pro cancer: breast cancer, colon cancer, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma	- Autoimmunity - Preeclampsia
JMJD7	- C3 lysine hydroxylation - Endo-/exopeptidase targeting arginine- methylated histones	Pro cancer: breast cancer, prostate cancer
JMJD8	- unknown	Pro cancer: prostate cancer, squamous cell carcinoma
RIOX1	- H3K4me3/2/1 and H3K36me3/2 demethylation - Histidine hydroxylation	Pro cancer: colorectal cancer
RIOX2	- H3K9me3 demethylation - Histidine hydroxylation	Pro cancer: cholangiocarcinoma, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma	- Asthma
TYW5	- tRNAPhe hydroxylation