Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Perioperative Parameters
| Parameter | Study Population (N =107) |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Female | 39 (36.4%) |
| Male | 68 (63.6%) |
| Age, years [mean (range)]age | 58.2 (18.0-92.0) |
| BMI, kg/m2 [mean (range)] | 27.9 (16.4-49.1) |
| Baseline creatinine, mg/dl [mean (range)] | 1.6 (0.0–14.0) |
| Redo median sternotomy | 55 (51.4%) |
| CPB bypass time, minutes [mean (range)] | 203.5 (0.0–484.0) |
| Aortic cross-clamp time, minutes [mean (range)] | 117.9 (0.0–331.0) |
| PCC dose, IU/kg (mean ± SD) | 15.8 ± 7.1 |
| PCC administration timing | |
| Post-CPB (operating room) | 101 (94.4%) |
| Postoperative (ICU) | 6 (5.6%) |
| Recombinant factor VIIa dose, mcg/kg (mean ± SD) | 25.1 ± 16.4; N=56 (52.3%) |
| Recombinant factor VIIa administration | 56 (52.3%) |
| aAntifibrinolytic administration | 98 (91.6%) |
| Preoperative Thrombotic/Thromboembolic Events | |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 14 (13.1%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 9 (8.4%) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 4 (3.7%) |
| Operation | |
| Thoracic aortic reconstruction (elective) | 61 (57.0%) |
| Thoracic aortic reconstruction (emergent dissection) | 13 (12.1% |
| bOther cardiovascular operations (elective) | 9 (8.4%) |
| Ventricular Assist Device implantation | 9 (8.4%) |
| cMulti-Valve Repair or Replacement | 6 (5.6%) |
| Heart Transplantation | 5 (4.7%) |
| Single Valve Repair or Replacement | 3 (2.8 %) |
| Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting/Multi-Valve | 1 (0.9%) |
a
Tranexamic acid was typically used for patients undergoing cardiac surgery on CPB. Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid was administered in patients undergoing hypothermic circulatory arrest, history of previous seizures, or previous documented allergy to tranexamic acid.
b
Other operations included complex surgeries and combinations of cardiovascular procedures.
c
Multi-Valve refers to ≥ 2 cardiac valves.
Abbreviations: CPB=Cardiopulmonary bypass; ICU=Intensive care unit; PCC=Prothrombin complex concentrate.