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. 2019 May 17;9:7519. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43730-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Diabetic mice exhibited accelerated BSA injection-induced proximal tubular damage and renal interstitial fibrosis; TENE treatment ameliorated these lesions. (a–r) Representative images (seven visual fields of each tissue were analyzed) of MTS (a–l) and SR staining (m–r) of kidneys from the indicated experimental groups. Scale bars, 100 μm. (s) Tubular atrophy area. Each group, n = 7. (0 = no tubular atrophy, 1 = tubular atrophy in up to 15% of the proximal tubules, 2 = tubular atrophy in 16–30% of the proximal tubules, and 3 = tubular atrophy in more than 30% of the proximal tubules). (t) SR staining positive area. (u) Urine murine albumin levels. Each group, n = 5. (m–o), unpaired two-tailed t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m.