Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the model development and test sets.
| Development set | p | Test set | p | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCC (n = 79) | Cirrhosis (n = 83) | Healthy controls (n = 201) | HCC (n = 79) | Cirrhosis (n = 83) | Healthy controls (n = 201) | |||
| Age, years | 58.6 ± 9.6 | 57.1 ± 10.7 | 57.6 ± 10.4 | 0.61 | 58.8 ± 10.3 | 56.5 ± 9.9 | 56.6 ± 10.0 | 0.22 |
| Male | 58 (73.4%) | 62 (74.7%) | 119 (71.2%) | 0.83 | 64 (81.0%) | 58 (70.0%) | 127 (75.1%) | 0.26 |
| Etiology of liver disease | ||||||||
| Viral | 73 (92.4%) | 54 (65.1%) | — | <0.001 | 70 (88.6%) | 71 (85.5%) | — | 0.73 |
| Non-viral | 6 (8.6%) | 29 (34.9%) | — | 9 (11.3%) | 12 (14.5%) | — | ||
| Liver function | ||||||||
| Compensated | 71 (89.9%) | 56 (67.5%) | — | 0.001 | 72 (91.1%) | 62 (73.5%) | — | 0.006 |
| Decompensated | 8 (10.1%) | 27 (32.5%) | — | 7 (8.9%) | 22 (26.5%) | — | ||
| α-fetoprotein, ng/mL, median (IQR) | 4.8 (2.6–7.4) | 11.1 (4.6–71.2) | — | <0.001 | 3.7 (2.2–11.8) | 13.5 (4.5–103.4) | — | <0.001 |
| AJCC TNM stage, 7 th | ||||||||
| I | 43 (54.4%) | — | 36 (45.6%) | — | ||||
| II | 23 (29.1%) | — | 25 (31.6%) | — | ||||
| III | 9 (11.4%) | — | 10 (12.7%) | — | ||||
| IV | 4 (5.1%) | — | 8 (10.1%) | — | ||||
Data are presented as means with standard deviation (SD) or numbers (%), unless otherwise indicated.