Table 1.
Descriptive data on analytic sample
| N or mean | Weighted % or STD | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 5373 | 50.6% |
| Female | 5240 | 49.4% |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic | 1249 | 11.8% |
| Black | 1600 | 15.1% |
| Asian | 375 | 3.5% |
| Native American | 217 | 2.0% |
| Other | 102 | 1.0% |
| White | 7070 | 66.6% |
| Sexual Orientation | ||
| LGBQ | 1305 | 12.3% |
| Age at Wave I | 15.4 | 1.8 |
| Age at Wave III | 21.8 | 1.9 |
| Age at Wave IV | 28.3 | 1.9 |
| Control variables | ||
| Public assistance in household before age 18 | 1673 | 15.8% |
| Ever repeated or been held back a grade | 2150 | 20.3% |
| Ever suspended, expelled or dropped out | 142 | 1.3% |
| Ever used alcohol, cigarettes, or marijuana | 6033 | 58.1% |
| Ever in a foster home | 173 | 1.6% |
| Moderators | ||
| School connectedness scale (standardized) | 0.0 | 1.0 |
|
Mom relationship quality scale (0–25) |
21.0 | 5.8 |
| Dad relationship quality scale (0–25) | 15.6 | 9.9 |
| Neighborhood collective efficacy Scale (standardized) | 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Number of times hung out with friends in past week | ||
| Not at all | 950 | 8.6% |
| 1 to 2 times | 2536 | 23.4% |
| 3 or 4 times | 2886 | 26.8% |
| 5 or more times | 4241 | 41.1% |