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. 2019 Feb 21;8(6):568–574. doi: 10.1002/sctm.18-0249

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© 2019 The Authors. stem cells translational medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of AlphaMed Press

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Transformation of HSC/HPC and generation of LSC/LIC. Genetic alterations (e.G., gene mutation, deletion, and translocation) transform normal HSCs into LSCs, preserving the capacity of SR that drives expansion of M in stem cell leukemia. In contrast, LICs feeding L leukemias are generated by transformation of HPCs with acquisition of SR. the roles of KLF4 in HSCs, LICs, and blood cells (Mo, NK, DC, and T) are indicated. Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; DC, dendritic cell; HPC, hematopoietic progenitor cell; HSC, hematopoietic stem cell; KLF, Krüppel‐like factor; L, lymphoid; LIC, leukemia‐initiating cell; LSC, leukemia stem cell; M, myeloid cell; Mo, monocytes; NK, natural killer; SR, self‐renewal; T, T cell.