Table 3.
OLS Regression of Z-Scores in Total Cognitive Scores and in the Five Domains of Cognition, 2001 and 2012.
| 2001 Cross-Section | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Total Score |
Visuospatial Ability |
Visuospatial Recall |
Verbal Learning |
Verbal Recall |
Visual Scanning |
| Female | −0.15*** (0.03) | −0.32*** (0.04) | −0.19*** (0.03) | 0.22*** (0.04) | 0.23*** (0.04) | −0.19*** (0.02) |
| Years of Education | 0.14*** (0.008) | 0.17*** (0.09) | 0.07*** (0.09) | 0.10*** (0.01) | 0.07*** (0.01) | 0.13*** (0.07) |
| Years of Education Squared | −0.004*** (0.00) | −0.008*** (0.001) | −0.001 (0.00) | −0.002*** (0.001) | −0.002** (0.001) | −0.004*** (0.000) |
| Female* Education | 0.02*** (0.01) | 0.03*** (0.01) | 0.007 (0.006) | −0.00 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.01) | 0.02*** (0.005) |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.33 | 0.20 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.31 |
| Unweighted N | 5,033 | |||||
| 2012 Cross-Section | ||||||
| Female | −0.07* (0.03) | −0.24*** (0.06) | −0.19*** (0.04) | 0.27*** (0.03) | 0.29*** (0.04) | −0.12*** (0.02) |
| Years of Education | 0.14*** (0.006) | 0.17*** (0.01) | 0.11*** (0.09) | 0.11*** (0.08) | 0.07*** (0.007) | 0.13*** (0.07) |
| Years of Education Squared | −0.003*** (0.00) | −0.008*** (0.00) | −0.005*** (0.00) | −0.002*** (0.00) | −0.001*** (0.00) | −0.003*** (0.00) |
| Female* Education | 0.01*** (0.04) | 0.02** (0.01) | 0.01** (0.006) | 0.001 (0.004) | 0.001 (0.005) | 0.01*** (0.004) |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.42 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.27 | 0.18 | 0.39 |
| Unweighted N | 6,564 | |||||
Note: Respondents were aged 60 or older in 2001 and 2012. Bootstrapped standard errors appear in parenthesis. Regressions also control for age, urban/rural, number of chronic conditions, and total CES-D score and include the constant term. These were omitted due to space limitations.
Significance:
*
p ≤ .05;
**
p ≤ .01;
***
p ≤ .001.
Source: Authors’ own elaboration with data for older adults aged 60 years or older from the Mexican Health and Aging Study, Wave 1 (2001) and Wave 3 (2012).