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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Res. 2013 Jul 8;47(9):672–682. doi: 10.3109/10715762.2013.814126

Figure 9. Envisaged mechanism to explain the cytotoxic effects of DAB on mammalian cells.

Figure 9.

DAB undergoes metal-catalyzed aerobic oxidation yielding oxyradicals and an α-oxoaldehyde at both extra and intracellular environments. Increased ROS levels changes the cell redox balance leading to depletion of protective thiols. The resulting oxidizing triggers up-regulated stress response pathways such as Nrf-2, HO-1, NQO1 and xCT, as well as leading to activation of caspases cascades, PARP cleavage and subsequently apoptosis.