. 2019 Mar 20;56(5):2458–2466. doi: 10.1007/s13197-019-03722-9

Table 1.

Effect of drying (tray, vacuum, and freeze) on proximate composition of kinnow peel

	Fresh peel	Tray dried peel	Vacuum dried peel	Freeze dried peel
Moisture (%)	77.47 ± 0.11^a	4.93 ± 0.09^c	3.03 ± 0.06^d	7.38 ± 0.07^b
Ash (%)	0.49 ± 0.03^b	0.57 ± 0.04^ab	0.57 ± 0.06^ab	0.59 ± 0.04^a
Crude protein (%)	0.67 ± 0.02^a	0.63 ± 0.06^a	0.65 ± 0.04^a	0.58 ± 0.08^a
Crude fat (%)	1.55 ± 0.04^a	1.22 ± 0.02^b	1.54 ± 0.03^a	1.58 ± 0.03^a
Crude fiber (%)	0.64 ± 0.02^a	0.59 ± 0.07^a	0.55 ± 0.05^a	0.63 ± 0.06^a
Potassium (µg/100 g)	152.23 ± 2.05^b	157.32 ± 3.16^a	154.21 ± 1.10^ab	154.05 ± 2.07^ab
Magnesium (µg/100 g)	108.45 ± 1.00^b	114.13 ± 1.40^a	109.31 ± 0.25^b	109.15 ± 0.60^b
Calcium (µg/100 g)	85.30 ± 0.60^c	89.75 ± 0.75^a	87.89 ± 1.05^b	84.94 ± 0.54^c
Sodium (µg/100 g)	176.30 ± 0.53^d	189.00 ± 0.60^a	187.23 ± 0.65^b	182.06 ± 0.46^c
Iron (µg/100 g)	8.52 ± 0.46^d	10.01 ± 0.55^a	9.88 ± 0.81^b	9.58 ± 0.11^c
Zinc (µg/100 g)	4.44 ± 0.42^a	4.93 ± 0.05^a	4.58 ± 0.51^a	4.46 ± 0.05^a
Copper (µg/100 g)	0.34 ± 0.11^a	0.31 ± 0.02^a	0.37 ± 0.02^a	0.37 ± 0.02^a

All values are mean ± standard deviation of triplicate analysis and values in the same row bearing different superscript lowercase letters are significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) by Duncan’s test